- shell(+Command, -Status)
-
Execute Command on the operating system. Command
is given to the Bourne shell (/bin/sh). Status is unified
with the exit status of the command.
On Win32 systems, shell/[1,2]
executes the command using the CreateProcess() API and waits for the
command to terminate. If the command ends with a &
sign, the command is handed to the WinExec() API, which does not wait
for the new task to terminate. See also win_exec/2
and win_shell/2.
Please note that the CreateProcess() API does not imply the
Windows command interpreter (command.exe on Windows 95/98 and cmd.exe
on Windows-NT) and therefore commands built-in to the
command-interpreter can only be activated using the command interpreter.
For example:
'command.exe /C copy file1.txt file2.txt'
- shell(+Command)
-
Equivalent to `
shell(Command, 0)'.
- shell
-
Start an interactive Unix shell. Default is
/bin/sh, the
environment variable SHELL overrides this default. Not
available for Win32 platforms.
- win_exec(+Command, +Show)
-
Win32 systems only. Spawns a Windows task without waiting for its
completion. Show is either
iconic or normal
and dictates the initial status of the window. The iconic
option is notably handy to start (DDE) servers.
- win_shell(+Operation,
+File)
-
Win32 systems only. Opens the document File using the windows
shell-rules for doing so. Operation is one of
open,
print or explore or another operation
registered with the shell for the given document-type. On modern systems
it is also possible to pass a URL as File,
opening the URL in Windows default browser. This call interfaces to the
Win32 API ShellExecute().
- win_registry_get_value(+Key,
+Name, -Value)
-
Win32 systems only. Fetches the value of a Win32 registry key.
Key is an atom formed as a path-name describing the desired
registry key. Name is the desired attribute name of the key.
Value is unified with the value. If the value is of type
DWORD, the value is returned as an integer. If the value is
a string it is returned as a Prolog atom. Other types are currently not
supported. The default `root' is HKEY_CURRENT_USER. Other
roots can be specified explicitely as HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
HKEY_CURRENT_USER, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE or
HKEY_USERS. The example below fetches the extension to use
for Prolog files (see README.TXT on the Windows version):
?- win_registry_get_value('HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/SWI/Prolog',
fileExtension,
Ext).
Ext = pl
|
- getenv(+Name, -Value)
-
Get environment variable. Fails silently if the variable does not exist.
Please note that environment variable names are case-sensitive on Unix
systems and case-insensitive on Windows.
- setenv(+Name, +Value)
-
Set environment variable. Name and Value should be
instantiated to atoms or integers. The environment variable will be
passed to shell/[0-2]
and can be requested using getenv/2.
They also influence expand_file_name/2.
- unsetenv(+Name)
-
Remove environment variable from the environment.
- unix(+Command)
-
This predicate comes from the Quintus compatibility library and provides
a partial implementation thereof. It provides access to some operating
system features and unlike the name suggests, is not operating system
specific. Defined Command's are below.
- system(+Command)
-
Equivalent to calling shell/1.
Use for compatibility only.
- shell(+Command)
-
Equivalent to calling shell/1.
Use for compatibility only.
- shell
-
Equivalent to calling shell/0.
Use for compatibility only.
- cd
-
Equivalent to calling working_directory/2
to the expansion (see
expand_file_name/2)
of
~
- cd(+Directory)
-
Equivalent to calling working_directory/2.
Use for compatibility only.
- argv(-Argv)
-
Unify Argv with the list of commandline arguments provides to
this Prolog run. Please note that Prolog system-arguments and
application arguments are separated by
--. Integer
arguments are passed as Prolog integers, float arguments and Prolog
floating point numbers and all other arguments as Prolog atoms. New
applications should use the prolog-flag argv. See also
prolog prolog-flag
argv.
A stand-alone program could use the following skeleton to handle
command-line arguments. See also section
2.10.2.4.
main :-
unix(argv(Argv)),
append(_PrologArgs, [--|AppArgs], Argv), !,
main(AppArgs).
|
There is no standard for time-representation in the Prolog community.
SWI-Prolog represents it as a floating-point number using the same basic
representation as the POSIX standard, seconds elapsed since the January
1970, 0 hours. This format is also used for predicates accessing
time-information from files (see time_file/2).
- get_time(-Time)
-
Return the number of seconds that elapsed since the epoch of the POSIX,
tim representation: January 1970, 0 hours. Time is a floating
point number. The granularity is system dependent.
- convert_time(+Time,
-Year, -Month, -Day, -Hour, -Minute, -Second, -MilliSeconds)
-
Convert a time stamp, provided by get_time/1, time_file/2,
etc. Year is unified with the year, Month with the
month number (January is 1), Day with the day of the month
(starting with 1),
Hour with the hour of the day (0--23), Minute with
the minute (0--59). Second with the second (0--59) and MilliSecond
with the milliseconds (0--999). Note that the latter might not be
accurate or might always be 0, depending on the timing capabilities of
the system. See also convert_time/2.
- convert_time(+Time,
-String)
-
Convert a time-stamp as obtained though get_time/1
into a textual representation using the C-library function ctime().
The value is returned as a SWI-Prolog string object (see section
4.23). See also convert_time/8.
The Windows executable PLWIN.EXE console has a number of
predicates to control the appearance of the console. Being totally
non-portable, we do not advice using it for your own application, but
use XPCE or another portable GUI platform instead. We give the
predicates for reference here.
- window_title(-Old,
+New)
-
Unify Old with the title displayed in the console and change
the title to New. (42)
- win_window_pos(+ListOfOptions)
-
Interface to the MS-Windows SetWindowPos() function, controlling size,
position and stacking order of the window. ListOfOptions is a
list that may hold any number of the terms below.
- size(W, H)
-
Change the size of the window. W and H are
expressed in character-units.
- position(X, Y)
-
Change the top-left corner of the window. The values are expressed in
pixel units.
- zorder(ZOrder)
-
Change the location in the window stacking order. Values are
bottom, top, topmost and notopmost.
Topmost windows are displayed above all other windows.
- show(Bool)
-
If
true, show the window, if false hide the
window.
- activate
-
If present, activate the window.
- win_has_menu
-
Suceeds if win_insert_menu/2
and win_insert_menu_item/4
are present.
- win_insert_menu(+Label,
+Before)
-
Insert a new entry (pulldown) in the menu. If the menu already contains
this entry, nothing is done. The Label is the label and using
the Windows conventions, a letter prefixed with
& is
underlined and defines the associated accelerator key. Before
is the label before which this one must be inserted. Using -
win_insert_menu('&Application', '&Help')
|
- win_insert_menu_item(+Pulldown,
+Label, +Before, :Goal)
-
Add an item to the named Pulldown menu. Label and
Before are handled as in win_insert_menu/2,
but the label
-